Egypt
Egypt is located at a corner of Africa and most of the people living belong to Muslim religion. Floodwater is controlled by huge dams and has a fertile land.
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The rolling hills of Ethiopia are fertile and well-watered.
Ethiopia Capital: Addis Ababa.
Area: 457,267 square miles.
Population: 22,350,000.
Ethiopia
Ethiopia is an ancient empire in northeastern Africa. It is a monarchy with an emperor who has supreme power. Many people in Ethiopia believe that the emperor's family is descended from the Queen of Sheba and King Solomon. Ethiopia was once called Abyssinia.
Apart from some hot, dry plains, in the east and south, Ethiopia is a mountainous land, with a cool, moist climate. In the mountains, the rainfall is between 20 and 80 inches a year. Through Ethiopia's mountains runs the deep African rift valley, a massive trough, which contains several lakes.
Most Ethiopians are farmers or cattle owners. Coffee, which grows wild and in plantations, is the most important export. Other exports include hides and skins and farm products.
Christianity was introduced into Ethiopia in the A.D. 200's. It survived despite several attacks from neighboring Muslim states. The Christian Coptic Church is still the country's official church.
Ethiopia remained independent when most of Africa was colonized by European powers. In 1896, the Ethiopians defeated an Italian army. In 1935, the Italians again attacked and conquered Ethiopia. But British and Ethiopian troops defeated the Italians in 1941. In 1962, Eritrea, a former Italian territory on the Red Sea, merged with Ethiopia. During the 1950's and 1960 s, many nations gave financial and technical aid to Ethiopia.
