Eskimos

These are very skilled people who use to wander around in search of food and shelter. Many of the Eskimos have now become civilized.

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Exploration of world was made gradually by some of the great voyages of discovery. Exploration of space began in 1961.

Exploration

Man has always been curious about his surroundings. From the time of cavemen to the present day of space exploration men have wondered, asked themselves where? Why? And how? Then they tried to find the answers to these questions by exploration.

Survival was the first cause of man's wanderings. The caveman set out to search for food and shelter. When he had found these he began wondering about what lay beyond the land he could see, where did the rivers end? What lay behind the hill? Where did the forests end? Where did the Sun go?

Men began to push back the frontiers of their known worlds. The Egyptians traveled widely and, as long ago as 2007 B.C., voyaged as far as the coast of Somali-land. The Minoans on Crete set sail in their tiny boats and explored the whole of the Mediterranean.

The Phoenicians broke out of the Mediterranean into the Atlantic, and by 600 B.C. had already discovered and explored Western Europe. The Carthaginians, Greeks, and Romans in turn investigated the western Ancient World, while the Chinese did the same for the East.

The Vikings were also great explorers, traveling all over western Europe, far from their own lands, in small sailing vessels. They discovered and investigated Greenland and, long before the time of Columbus, found America in about A.D. 1000.

For 5,000 years man investigated his immediate surroundings. In this modern age of jet-powered aircraft, nuclear power, and rocket-powered space ships, what is there left to find out? What areas of the globe still remain unknown to man?

Every part of the world has now been photographed and mapped from the air, and although there are areas of unexplored territory, these places no longer offer the same challenge to explorers as they did in an earlier age. Now, we think we know what is there, even if nobody has actually been to look. In olden days men did not know, they had to go and find out for themselves. Today man is probing in other directions. There are projects and plans for investigating the Earth's core.

Great advances are being made in undersea exploration. Scientists are studying the results of this exploration to find ways of obtaining minerals and more food from the oceans.

Man's exploration of space began in 1961 when Yuri Gagarin was sent into orbit around the Earth by the USSR. In 1969, the United States first landed men on the Moon. The astronauts obtained samples of Moon rock for analysis. The greatest challenge remaining to man today is the conquest of outer space. Men are again facing unknown dangers and obstacles in their attempts at exploration this time, the universe beyond the Earth.